(Fontes: Fundasaun Mahein 2016)
Hanesan nasaun ida ho aspirasaun kapas ba industrial no dezenvolvimentu komersiál, servisu koperasaun Internasional ne’ebé maka’as nomos dezenvolvimentu setór turizmu, nesedidade servisu transporte ba publiku ne’ebé disponivel no seguru iha Timor-Leste. Iha Dili, aumentu populasaun no laiha opsaun seluk kona-bá sistema transporte, taxista-sira sei sai nafatin formas importante ida husi transporte publiku ne’ebé diak ba tempu ohin mai. Aleinde husi benefisiu pesoal no komersiu nian, sei laran-metin ba taxi nia servisu durante 24 horas, mos iha benefisu ba seguransa lokal, nomos bele direta reduz numeru vitima sira husi kondutor sira ne’ebé lanu no arbiru.
Kona-ba razaun hirak ne’e mak Fundasaun Mahein (FM) kleur ona rekomenda hodi hadi’a diak kona-bá taxi sira iha Timor-Leste. Iha tinan 2012 FM publika blog primeiru kona-bá taxi loro-loron ne’ebé la regulariza iha Airoportu-Dili, iha ne’ebé vizitante Internasional sira dala-barak liu hasoru kondutor taxista sira ne’ebé agresivu iha momentu sira tama iha nasaun ida ne’e. Iha tempu hanesan FM mos suli-taka ho istoria esplorasaun ka na’ok direta husi kondutor taxi iha Dili, no FM mos hato’o insidenti balun ne’ebé halo hakfodak involve hodi-halai no halo violasaun seksual hasoru pasajeirus sira.
Momentu ne’eba, FM rekomenda kona-bá kolokasaun ida iha aeroportu, sistema tarifa estandarte ida, seguransa diak iha aeroportu, treinamentu nomos rejimentu rejistrasaun ne’ebé luan ba operador taxi nomos kondutor sira. Kampaña ida ne’e hetan susesu balun liga ho aeroportu ne’ebé la regulariza, nomos sistema taxista-sira ne’ebé tuir-dalan ne’ebé ikus mai hari’i iha ne’eba inklui rejime tarifa (mezmu ida “ho estandarte” ba nivel ne’ebé 20 minutu halo viazen husi aeroporto ba Metiaut ho presu ne’ebé hanesan minute 5 viazen ba Delta).
Dezde FM nia publikasaun blog ikus iha 2012, iha ona progresu dezenvolvimentu ba industria Taxi nian, ho kriasaun Koperativa Taxi Timor-Leste (CTTL) iha fin 2014 no dadauk ne’e iha introdusaun taximetru ba ezizensia servisu nian. (Enkuantu blog ne’e la’os hanesan promosaun ba operator privadu sira) FM bele suporta esforsu ruma husi setor publiku ka setor privadu sira hodi prepara servisu transporte publiku ne’ebé seguru liu (no FM mos rekuinese katak antes ne’e pesoal barak maka sai kondutor taxista ne’ebé ‘Diak’, no sei fo kontinua serbi diak ho fiar mos).
Maske dala-ruma tamba dezenvolvimentu iha setor ne’e, FM dadaun ne’e simu relatoriu balun kona-bá ameasa no aktus intimidasaun entre maluk taxista-sira iha Dili, liu-liu iha relasaun ho kampaña komersiu foun. Mezmu iha infomasaun sira ne’ebé relata kona-bá insidente ki’ik, iha FM nia esperensia ameasa ki’ik hanesan ne’e dala-barak provoka insidenti-sira ne’ebé seriu liu. FM mos rekuinese kona-bá dezenvolvimentu ne’ebé luan iha Timor-Leste, iha ne’ebé kompetisaun entre komapaña komersiu sira atu hanesan konfrontasaun violensia.
Hodi evita situasaun hanesan ne’e, importante katak autor ba transporte ne’ebé relevante, inklui Ministeriu Komersiu, Industria no Ambiente, Ministeriu Transporte no Komunikasaun, Diresaun Nasional Koperativa, empresariu ki’ik no boot sira, Diresaun Nasional Transporte Trestre, PNTL no na’in ka patraun taxi-sira, operador-sira, kondutor sira no grupu industria sira mai hamutuk hodi diskute no rezolve kualker asuntu iha forum ne’ebé nakloke.
Nune’e mos, enkontru ida bele serve hanesan oportunidade hodi esplora planu ba dezenvolvimentu servisu taxista-sira husi saida maka sei maioria domina husi taxi kinur ne’ebé hola konta mesak-mesak ho servisu ne’ebé kualidade, distansia no konfortu ba iha industria servisu ne’ebé tuir regra no organiza diak. Planu estratejiku dezenvolvimentu inklusivu ida ba industria, posibilidade involve mos Ministeriu Turizmu, bele involve insentivu no oportunidade sira (hanesan subsidiu governu no imprestimu) ba kondutor taxista-sira nomos patraun sira hodi hadi’a kualidade ba sira nia veikulu sira no servisu ne’ebé estandarte, enkuantu iha implementasaun regulamentu no kumprimentu rejime hanesan hodi hasai husi dalan ba operador sira ne’ebé rejeita atu implementa estandarte ida ne’e.
Karik proposta ida ne’e ambisiozu demais, maibe pelemenus konsidera importante hodi minimiza problema no potensia ba violensia iha industria taxi, liu husi dialogu, planeamentu, suporta governu no setór siguransa karik presiza.
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Industria taxi ida ne’ebé diak sei fo benefisiu ba operador sira no kondutor sira, nomos tempu hanesan fo benefisu sira ba setór komersiu, sosial, no siguransa iha komunidade luan-liu.
Tanba ne’e FM rekomenda:
1. Autor transporte ne’ebé relevante, inklui Ministeriu Komersiu, Industria no Ambiente, Ministeriu Transporte no Komunikasaun, Diresaun Nasional Koperativa, emprezariu ki’ik no boot sira, Diresaun Nasional Transporte Trestre, PNTL no patraun taxista sira, operador sira, kondutor sira mos grupu industria sira mai hodi diskute no resolve kualker asuntu sira relasaun ba potensia konflitu ba industria taxi nian.
(Karik publiku iha informasaun kona-bá isidente ho Taxi sira iha Dili, bele kontaktu FM. FM sei proteze forte ema sira nia privasidade.)
Progress, but more problems with taxis?
As a nation with grand aspirations for industrial and commercial development, strong international cooperation and a thriving tourism sector, there is an obvious requirement for safe, secure and reliable publically available transport services in Timor-Leste. In Dili, population growth and the lack of alternative transport means that taxis will remain an essential form of public transport for the foreseeable future. Besides from its practicality and commercial benefits, a reliable 24-hour taxi service improves personal and community security, and can directly reduce the number of casualties from drunk or tired drivers.
It is for these reasons that Fundasaun Mahein (FM) has long advocated for better and taxis in Timor-Leste. It was in 2012 that we first blogged about the infamous daily taxi riot at Dili Airport, where international visitors were routinely confronted by aggressive taxi drivers from the very moment they stepped into the country. Around the same time FM was inundated with stories of extortion or outright stealing by taxi drivers in Dili, and we also reported on some truly shocking incidents involving the abduction and sexual assault of passengers.
Back then, FM advocated for an airport taxi rank, set-fare system, better airport security, and a broader training and registration regime for taxi operators and drivers.
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This campaign was partially successful in regards to the airport, and a more orderly taxi system was eventually established there including a set-fare regime (albeit one “standardised” to the degree that a 20 minute trip from the airport to Metiaut costs the same as a 5 minute trip to Delta).
Since our 2012 blog, there have been further developments in the Taxi industry with the creation of the Cooperativa Taxi Timor-Leste (CTTL) in late 2014, and more recently the introduction of a metered taxi on demand service. Although this blog should not be considered an endorsement of any particular private operators, FM does support generally any efforts from either the public or private sectors to provide safer and more secure public transport services (and we also acknowledge that many individuals as ‘good’ taxi drivers have previously, and continue to, provide a safe and reliable service).
Yet despite, or more likely due to, these developments, FM has recently received some reports of threats and acts of intimidation between rival taxi operators in Dili – particularly in regards to the new market players.
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Although at this stage the reports are that these incidents have been relatively minor, in our experience such minor threats often serve as a precursor to more serious violence. We are also aware of a broader developmental trend in Timor-Leste, where between business rivals there is often little distinction between commercial competition and violent confrontation.
To prevent such a situation it is therefore imperative that the relevant transport actors, including Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Environment, the Ministry Transport and Communication, the National Directorate of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, the National Directorate of Land Transport, PNTL and all taxi owners, operators, drivers and industry groups come together to discuss and resolve any issues.
Furthermore, a meeting could provide an opportunity to explore ways to develop the taxi service from what is still predominantly a fleet yellow cars of various makes and vintages, charging fares independently of distance, professionalism and comfort, into to a well organised and regulated service industry. An inclusive strategic development plan for the industry, possibly also involving the Ministry of Tourism, could involve incentives and opportunities (such as Government subsidies and loans) for taxi drivers and owners to improve the quality of their vehicles and service to minimum standards, and creating a commission to enforce these standards.
If such a proposal is overly ambitious, at the very least it is vital that the potential violence within the industry be prevented through dialogue, planning and Government and security sector support where appropriate. A better supported and regulated taxi industry will be financially beneficial to the operators and drivers while also providing commercial and security benefits for the nation.
Therefore, FM recommends:
1. That relevant transport actors, including Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Environment, the Ministry Transport and Communication, the National Directorate of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises, the National Directorate of Land Transport, Ministry of Tourism, PNTL and all taxi owners, operators, drivers and industry groups come together to discuss and resolve the issues linked to potential conflict within the taxi industry.
(If you have information regarding incidents with Taxis in Dili please contact us – FM strongly protects the privacy of all of our sources)
