(Foto: Arkivu FM)
Kada fulan-fulan Fundasaun Mahein (FM) la’o haleu Timor-Leste halo sorumutu komunitáriu ho sidadaun nasional, nune’e mos ho institusaun seguransa hanesan PNTL hodi halo deskusaun kona-bá seguransa nian. Sorumutu sira ne’e dala barak hetan resposta diak hosi individu nune’e mos hosi institusaun nu’udar oportunidade diak ida hodi involve iha debates ho sinseria kona-bá problema konkritu hirak ne’ebé afeita ba komunidade nia seguransa moris nian. Partisipante sira ne’e dala barak involve iha deskusaun hirak ne’e ho tensaun no konfrontal ho isu sira ne’ebé sira foti, maibe tenke halo deskusaun isu hirak ne’e para sira hatur solusaun ruma ho dalan ne’ebé pasífiku. Nune’e mos sira hatene katak isu sira ne’e bele posibel hamosu tensaun ne’ebé aas maibe opiniaun sira ne’ebé kestiaona nu’udar lia ida ne’ebé kontinua respeita ba ema ka institusaun sira ne’ebé ho visaun diak. Ho liafuan badak katak diskusaun hirak ne’ebé FM fasilita nu’udar exemplu ida ne’ebé klaru iha prosesu demokrasia ho saudavel.
Nune’e mos, iha elementu ki’ik iha seitór siguransa nia laran ne’ebé kontinua lafiar katak liberdade espresaun iha isu Seitór Siguransa kona-bá problema siguransa. Tuir ema sira ne’e katak forsa Siguransa nian hahalok iha pasadu, dadaun ne’e, no futuru mai labele halo debate ka labele kestiaona ba perguntas ruma hosi sidadaun. dala ruma sira ne’e dehan katak ema normal, ne’e bain-bain deit laiha esepsaun ” ou “beik liu” atu halo diskusaun ba sasán sira ne’e. Dala ruma mos sira dehan katak problema “militar” ou buat sira ne’ebé maka iha relasaun kona-bá polísia” hanesan los buat ida ne’ebé sira sente segredu los iha sira nia aan. Ne’e sorin ida, sorin seluk , FM beibeik hetan krítika maka’as hosi autor Siguransa tamba sira dehan FM halo interven no kategoria hanesan “ameasa ida”.
FM nu’udar Organizasaun ba reforma seitór siguransa ka dezemvolvementu ba (SSR) organizasaun Naun Governmental. SSR hanesan konseptu ida ho objetivu atu dezemvolve Seitór Seguransa. Timor-Leste nu’udar nasaun postu komfilitu tuir regra lei ho boa governasaun ho meta atu dezemvolve profesionalismu, efektivu, akontabilidade iha Seitór Seguransa nian. Iha prátika SSR involve halo kna’ar loke lidun ba debates públiku entre povu ho autor siguransa sira, kona-bá polítika, sidadania, governmental, média, NGO ho outor ba Seitór Seguransa nian. SRR fó matadalan katak ho aprosimasaun ho karateriza ba monitorin lisuk ho holéstiku nu’udar meus ida atu fó lejitimasaun polítika no haforsa paz no hakmatek ba iha tempu naruk. Tamba ne’e maka elementu balun iha Setór Seguransa dala barak lasimu krítika hosi públiku no husu perguntas ba krítika hosi povu sivil sira sente hanesan hafraku sira nia otoridade , SSR ne’e dezemvolve institusaun ida ne’ebé forte ho sustenibilidade .
“Institusaun sira ne’ebé trasparante, ne’e la’ós tenke nakloke buat hotu-hotu hanesan taktíka operasaun militar ka polísia ba públiku. Ne’e la’ós, maibe informasaun ne’ebé apropriadu ne’e tenke kria no iha atu fó serteza ba institusaun hodi halo operasaun tuir mandatu ne’ebé iha, ne’e atu lao hodi hatudu katak prosesu lei atu aplika hodi haktuir, ho nune’e hodi responde ba komunidade nia siguransa ho lalais. Tutan hosi ne’e, tenke involve komunidade nu’udar paseiru iha dezemvolvementu ba polítika seitór siguransa hahu hosi inísiu.
Tan ne’e mak importante liu tanba labele halo fraku povu sai beik ten no ignorante, maibe tenke serbisu hamutuk ho komunnidade sivil atu fó eduka no informa ba públiku kona-bá isu siguransa nian.
buy kamagra oral jelly online https://www.mydentalplace.com/wp-content/languages/en/kamagra-oral-jelly.html no prescription
Ho nun’e ikus mai prosesu polítika ba siguransa admite katak iha demokrasia institusaun siguransa tenke responde kona-bá sidadaun nia persiza.
FM komprende kona-bá segredu ne’e persiza duni, maibe laiha akountibilidade ho transparante, no lansa opozisaun hasoru Sosiedade sivil la’ós deit eru, maibe mos kontra prinsipu sira kona-bá liberdade espresaun ho partisipasaun iha prosesu demokrasia ne’ebé konsagra ona iha konstitusaun. Aktu lasimu no halo limitasaun ba oportunidade hasoru sidadaun sira atu fó sira nia opiniaun kona-bá problema iha forum públiku nu’udar karakter hosi litadór sira, duke nasaun ho demokarasia livre, nune’e mos debates kona-bá seitór siguransa nian. Ba FM, diferensia ne’e ilustra ho kontrariu iha ita nia moris dadaun ne’e iha RDTL kompara ho saida maka ita sente iha tempu okupasaun Indonezia iha Timor-Leste uluk liu.
FM bain-bain halo krítika kona-bá ladun iha transparansia, loke lidun ba sosiedade iha aspetu sira iha seitór siguransa, isu kona-bá dereitu umanus, profesionalismu, iregularidade iha aprovisionamentu , diskriminasaun ho hahalok ladiak hasoru malu.
Maibe ami mos hetan korajen hosi asaun dadaun ne’e atu hasai ami nia monitorizasaun akuntabilidade nian ne’ebé povu partisipa. Nu’udar exemplu PM, Rui Maria de Araújo, haktuir kona-bá draft Konseptu Stratejia ba Defeza ho siguransa nasionál,” ita tenke konsidera opiniaun hosi sosiedade sivil. Dokumentu ne’e la’ós segredu no nu’udar mata dalan ba polítika defeza ho seguransa “.
buy vardenafil free viagra online https://www.mydentalplace.com/wp-content/languages/en/vardenafil-free-viagra.html no prescription
hahalok ida ne’e komesa naksulin ona ba kraik no FM ne’ebé semana liu ba halo presentasaun ida iha PNTL kona-bá Planu Stratejiku PNTL nian hosi prespektiva sosiedade sivil.
FM husu katak kooperasaun dadaun ne’e pozetivu ho progesu, no ida ne’e movimentu ho seitór siguransa ne’ebé aprosimasaun diak ho komunidade hotu atu harii papel save iha nasaun ne’ebé defini tiha ona iha konstitusaun. “Atu defende no garantia polítika ho demokrasia no partisipasaun hosi povu nian fó solusaun ba problema nasional”. Ho matadalan ida ne’e, FM husu atu servisu hamutuk ho institusaun sira ne’ebé tutela ba siguransa iha nivel nasional iha futuru.
Community Engagement is Critical: Even for the Security Sector
Every month Fundasaun Mahein (FM) travels across Timor-Leste meeting with local communities and security sector institutions such as the PNTL to discuss security issues. These meetings are mostly welcomed by both individuals and institutions as an opportunity to participate in honest discussions about the real issues affecting communities.
Participants realize that sometimes difficult and confronting issues may be raised, but acknowledge these issues must be raised so that they can be resolved in a peaceful manner. Moreover, they realize that it is possible to raise concerns and voice opinions while remaining respectful of those people and institutions that hold different views. In short, the discussions that FM facilitates are clear examples of a healthy democratic process.
Despite this there is a small element in the security sector that does not believe in freedom of expression in regards to security issues.
buy viagra soft online https://www.mydentalplace.com/wp-content/languages/en/viagra-soft.html no prescription
According to these people security forces are above public scrutiny and their actions: past, present or future should never be discussed or questioned by everyday people. Sometimes these people say that normal people are “unqualified” or “too ignorant” to discuss such matters. Other times they have simply said that the issues are “military” or “police matters” as if this signifies that they have an inherent right to remain secret. Furthermore, FM is often criticized by elements of the security sector for “interfering” and is characterised as a “threat”.
FM is a ‘security sector reform/development’ (SSR) civil society organisation. SSR is a concept that seeks to develop the security sector of post-conflict nations in accordance with the rule of law and good governance with the aim of developing professional, effective and accountable security sector institutions. In practice SSR involves ongoing, open dialogue between all stakeholders regarding security sector policy: citizens, government, media, civil society organisations, NGOs, and security sector institutions themselves. SSR directs that this joint approach, characterised by broad civilian oversight, is integral to providing legitimacy for the sector and thus ensuring long-term peace and stability. Therefore, whereas some elements of the security sector are often opposed to public scrutiny and feel that responding to questions or criticism from civil society weakens their authority, SSR holds that such dialogue is actually essential in the development of strong and stable security institutions.
“Accountable security sector institutions” does not mean that all operational and tactical details of police or military operations have to be made public, rather, that appropriate information is made available to ensure that the security sector is operating within its mandate, that due process is followed, and that civil society and community concerns are responded to. Furthermore, where possible civil society and the community should be involved as a partner in the development of security sector policy from the outset. For this to occur it is vital that instead of labeling the community as unqualified or ignorant, the security sector must work with civil society to educate and inform the public about security sector issues. Ultimately, this security policy process acknowledges that in a democracy, security institutions must answer and respond to the needs of the citizens.
FM holds that such positions as needless secrecy, a lack of accountability and transparency, and antagonism to civil society, are not only wrong but are contrary the principles of freedom of expression and democratic participation as defined in the Constitution. To deny or limit the opportunity for people to express an opinion or raise a complaint in a public forum is the characteristic of a police state rather than a free democracy, even when talking about the security sector.
To FM this distinction is best illustrated in the contrast between our current lives in the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste as compared to what was previously experienced in the Indonesian Province of Occupied East Timor.
FM has previously raised many concerns about a lack of transparency, openness and public input in many aspects of the security sector – issues around human rights, professionalism, irregular procurement, discrimination and performance amongst others. However, we are also encouraged by recent actions to increase public accountability and involvement. For example, recently the Prime Minister, Rui Maria de Araújo, referred the draft Strategic Concept for Defence and National Security to civil society for feedback saying, “I think we should take into account the views of civil society. The document is not confidential and these are guidelines for defence and security policies”. This attitude appears to be flowing downwards with FM being engaged last week to present to the PNTL on civil society perspectives on the implementation of the PNTL Strategic Plan.
FM is hopeful that this recent cooperation is a positive sign of progress, and that there is a movement within the security sector to better engage with all community stakeholders and to uphold a key role of the state as defined in the Constitution, “To defend and guarantee political democracy and participation of the people in the resolution of national problems”. To this objective, FM looks forward to working together with national security sector institutions in the future.
