(Foto: F-FDTL)
Fundasaun Mahein (FM), 29 Juñu 2016
Komunikadu Imprensa
Estado do Homen ba Estado da Lei:
Susesaun Komandu Iha Instituisaun Militar Timor-Leste
Liu husi Mahein Nia Hanoin Nú 11 (Versaun Tetum.pdf) kona-bá FALINTIL – Forsa Defeza Timor-Leste (F-FDTL) hanesan instituisaun ida ne’ebé tuan liu eziste antes nasaun ne’e hamriik. Kestaun troka lideransa hanesan pratika natural dezde tempu luta armada nian, kontinua prosesu “tranzisaun lideransa” iha faze independensia nian laran. Lider masimu FALINTIL no F-FDTL nian rezigna-an husi kargu militar atu ezerse luan liu tan, sira nian kontribuisaun ba prosesu konstrusaun estadu hodi hari’i militar modernu ida, FALINTIL-FDTL ba defeza nasional hasoru ameasa externa.
Pratika tranzisaun lideransa militar ne’e hahu husi kedas FALINTIL nian ezistensia. Prosesu ida ne’ebé la’o iha mudansa oin-oin iha estrutura FALINTIL nian laran maka konserva forsa armada atu infrenta tempu ne’ebé defisil. Desizaun hotu militar nian normalmente submete ba estrutura komandu nia orientasaun. FALINTIL nia asaun maka fokus deit atu infrenta funu ho gerilla iha komandu nian orientasaun ne’ebé ikus liu halo despartidarizasaun no re-estruturasaun FALINTIL, meius atu separa papel polítiku no militar nian durante tempu rezistensia.
Iha faze ukun-an nian husi inisiu independensia tranzisaun lideransa hatudu lider FALINTIL husik kargu militar ba vida polítiku. Prosesu ida ne’ebé la’os tuir proposta no lei formal nian tan lider FALINTIL ida husik kargu militar atraves liu husi rezignasaun. Hanesan Xanana Gusmão halo nune’e mos Taur Matan Ruak tuir. Wainhira Xanana Gusmão husik hela nia kargu militar nian ba iha kargu polítiku entaun akontese lakunas iha instituisaun FALINTIL. Momentu ida ne’eba, tempu maka obriga Xanana Gusmão tenke ba asume kargu polítiku para atu bele harii instituisaun FALINTIL. Xanana Gusmão husik kargu militar atu hamosu transformasaun miltar gerilla FALINTIL ba F-FDTL ho forsa modernu ida ne’ebé hodi Taur Matan Ruak lidera.
Nune’e ohin loron tranzisaun lideransa militar tenke haktuir ona lei no estatutu militar nian. Governu tenke iha politika ne’ebé diak ba rejenerasaun iha insitituisaun militar nia laran. Sistema reforma ba membru F-FDTL importante tebes ba jerasaun foun kontinua dezenvolve forsa armada sai husi paradigma uluk nian. Forsa armadas F-FDTL tuir evolusaun militar modernu nia ne’ebé bele funu iha vila laran, professional iha servisu no atuasaun sira nune’e instituisaun bele impoin disiplina no regras militar nian. Militar sira ne’ebé reforma la ho kondisaun sei sai atensaun seriu ho problema pensaun sira ba veteranu ne’ebé sei sai kompleksu liu tan. Nune’e presiza atensaun maka’as husi Governu hamosu lei no polítika ida ne’ebé klaru hodi prosesu reinsersaun militar reformadus ho diak.
Rekomendasaun
1. Rekomenda ba instituisaun orgaun soberania sira hanesan Governu, Prezidensia no Parlamentu Nasional atu hamosu komunikasaun ne’ebé diak atu ezerse desizaun ba futuru forsa armada F-FDTL tuir interdependensia Konstitusional orgaun soberania sira nian.
2. Rekomenda ba lider F-FDTL liu-liu militar veteranu sira atu halo tuir lei hodi hakruk ba desizaun sivil.
3. Rekomenda ba Governu liu husi Ministériu Defeza tenke seriu aplika politika reforma militar ba pesoal F-FDTL ne’ebé tama ona ba idade reforma ho kondisaun no rekuiñesimentu espesial ba militar veterenu sira ne’ebé kontinua dedika-an iha instituisaun F-FDTL.
Atu hetan informasaun kle’an liu kona-bá asuntu ne’e bele kontaktu:
Nélson Belo
Diretor Ezekutivu
Email: direktor.mahein@gmail.com
Telemovel: (+670) 78316075 no 77561184
Website: www.fundasaunmahein.org
Fundasaun Mahein (FM), June 29 2016
Press Release
From The State of Man to the State of Law:
Successful Command in the Military Institutions of Timor-Leste
FALINTIL – Defense Force of Timor-Leste (F-FDTL) has existed since Timor-Leste achieved independence. Having a plan for natural succession of leadership has been an integral practice of FALINTIL since the struggle for independence and continued to be prominent in F-FDTL’s development following independence. In the past the highest leaders of FALINTIL and F-FDTL have resigned from their posts in order to contribute to the larger vision of a modern military’s state-building objectives.
This practical transition has existed in various processes in the FALINTIL and F-FDTL structures. All military decisions have run through the chain of command from the top of the military on down. Until independence, FALINTIL’s actions were largely focused on the ongoing resistance struggle and guerilla tactics under the direct orientation of head command, finally leading to decompartmentalization and restructuring of FALINTIL to separate military and political roles during the resistance period.
Since independence, the newfound liberty of the leaders of the transition prompted a show of FALINTIL leaders resigning from their military roles to begin political careers, a process not stipulated under formal law. The most notable examples of this have been the transitions of Xanana Gusmao and Taur Matan Ruak. When Xanana Gusmao stepped down from his mandate, he created gaps within the structure of FALINTIL. The situation at the time called for Xanana to assume a political role in order to build the independent structure of FALINTIL. His departure from service with the military allowed FALINTIL to transition from a guerilla force into a modern military command, led by Taur Matan Ruak.
Therefore, today the transition of military leadership must follow the laws and statutes of the military, and the government must have a coherent policy for regeneration of leadership form within the military institution. The system of retirement for the F-FDTL is crucial in affording the new generation of leadership to evolve out of the past paradigms of military action and leadership. The armed forces of the F-FDTL must continue developing as a modern military, professionalized in actions and responsibilities, so that the institution can be understood and respected by the state. Failure to develop a better system for retirement of military veterans will contribute to an even more complex difficulty with handling the veterans’ pension fund in the coming years. This needs to be addressed by the government.
Recommendations
FM recommends that:
1. The branches of the government, including the President and the National Parliament, improve communication on decisions for the future of the F-FDTL.
2. The leaders of the F-FDTL, and its military veterans, obey law and civil decisions.
3. The government, through the Ministry of Defense, should seriously apply the policy of military retirement for individuals in the F-FDTL who have reached retirement age, with conditions and special recognition for military veterans who continue to be dedicated to their responsibilities inside the institution of F-FDTL.
For more details on this issue, please contact:
Nélson Belo
Executive Director of FM
Phone: +670 78316075 or 7756 1184
Email: direktor.mahein@gmail.com
Website: www.fundasaunmahein.org
